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The National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center (NIPRCC) is a U.S. government center overseen by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, a component of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The NIPRCC coordinates the U.S. government’s enforcement of intellectual property laws. The NIPRCC was created in 2000, under the then-U.S. Customs Service as part of the implementation of the Clinton Administration's 1998 International Crime Control Strategy. The International Crime Control Strategy was developed to address the national security threat of international crime as determined by Presidential Decision Directive (PDD) 42 in 1995. The NIPRCC hosts representatives from multiple government agencies that run in the center’s activities. In alphabetical order, these entities include:〔 *U.S. Customs and Border Protection *Defense Criminal Investigative Service *United States Department of Commerce (DOC) *U.S. International Trade Administration *Federal Bureau of Investigation *U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s Office of Criminal Investigations *U.S. General Services Administration’s Office of Inspector General *U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement *INTERPOL *Naval Criminal Investigative Service *U.S. Patent and Trademark Office *U.S. Postal Inspection Service *U.S. Department of State’s Office of International Intellectual Property Enforcement Pilot programs are in place where representatives of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and the Government of Mexico Tax Administration Service serve in the center in order to coordinate U.S. enforcement efforts with that of Canada and Mexico.〔 ==Purpose== The NIPRCC was created as a response to congressional criticism of federal enforcement efforts in the 1990s. Numerous Federal law enforcement agencies were and continue to share responsibility with investigating and prosecuting various intellectual property violations. The ''NIPRCC'' was created to promote information sharing, investigative and prosecutorial coordination, to provide a centralized reporting location and information resource for private businesses and the public, and to avoid duplicative efforts. For example, law enforcement agencies at the center share information gathered from their investigations. Emerging criminal trends and new infringing technologies are identified more quickly, and the information shared with the enforcing field officials. The center address intellectual property crimes ranging from counterfeit pharmaceuticals, to pirated films, television, and music, to counterfeit machinery and other merchandise procured by the federal government, to counterfeit federal uniforms, badges, and other insignia, to consumer goods, to postal fraud. The NIPRCC also works with the Office of the United States Trade Representative to identify trade barriers to U.S. companies and products due to the intellectual property laws, such as copyright, patents and trademarks, in other countries. This is reported annually in a Special 301 Report, named after Section 301, as amended of the Trade Act of 1974, that mandates it. The NIPRCC was featured heavily in the U.S. Government’s 2010 Joint Strategic Plan on Intellectual Property Enforcement and highlighted by a 2011 ''60 Minutes'' broadcast on counterfeit pharmaceuticals.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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